GM Raises Electric-Car Bet, Will Add More Battery Factories

GM said Wednesday that it will spend $35 billion on electric and autonomous vehicles through 2025, about 30% higher than a target set last November. The increase reflects plans to add two more battery factories in the U.S., joining a plant under construction in Ohio and another slated for Tennessee.

Chief Executive

Mary Barra

said GM is moving faster because the company perceives momentum building for electric-vehicle adoption in the U.S. and has seen a positive response to the future models it has shown.

GM and other car companies have been steadily raising their bets on electric cars in the face of stiffening tailpipe-emissions regulations globally. The moves, which at times seem like dueling declarations, also have attracted investors eager to tap the growth potential of battery-powered vehicles.

Two weeks ago, GM rival

Ford Motor Co.

F 0.13%

said it would increase its investment in electric-vehicle spending through mid-decade by about one-third, to $30 billion by 2025. That sum includes some money spent in recent years. Ford also said Wednesday that it expects half of vehicle sales from its luxury Lincoln brand to be fully electric within four years.

Meanwhile,

Volkswagen AG

is spending about $40 billion through mid-decade on electric vehicles.

In the past year, the amount of planned spending by car companies on electric vehicles has surged 41%, according to consulting firm AlixPartners LLP.

GM’s $35 billion spending target disclosed Wednesday is 75% higher than the level it cited in March 2020, when it first outlined its electric-vehicle investment strategy in detail.

“The investment has reached an inflection point,” said

Mark Wakefield,

co-leader of AlixPartners’ automotive practice.

While electric cars are simpler to produce than gas-powered models, auto makers are spending huge sums of money to increase battery production and bring other components in-house, such as electric motors.

For example, VW said it plans to build six battery factories in Europe alone. Ford said last month that it could need 10 battery factories globally by the end of the decade.

The spending increase coincides with President Biden’s push for federal investment in battery manufacturing and charging stations to support U.S. electric-vehicle production. The administration has called for $174 billion in electric-vehicle related spending, which includes fresh federal tax credits for purchasing battery-powered vehicles and commercial trucks.

Auto makers are pouring money into a technology that today represents only a sliver of vehicle sales globally. Electric vehicles accounted for about 5% of sales across the three major regions of Europe, China and the U.S. in 2020, according to research firm

IHS Markit.

GM is funding its electric investment through profits from sales of its gas-powered models, including large pickup trucks and sport-utility vehicles, the company’s biggest profit generators.

Finance chief

Paul Jacobson

said GM should be able to calibrate future production between electric and internal-combustion vehicles based on consumer demand.

“There is a lot of opportunity to ramp up EVs without materially impacting [internal-combustion] vehicles from where we are today,” he said. “But if you don’t have the batteries, you don’t have the ability to lean in where you need to.”

GM and other auto makers have seen profits surge since last summer, as demand for new cars rebounded from a pandemic-related drop. They also are taking advantage of record pricing, as inventory at U.S. dealerships shrivels because of lower production from the computer-chip shortage.

GM said early this month that first-half pretax profit would be significantly better than earlier forecasts, partly because it was able to pull ahead chip deliveries that had been scheduled for the third quarter. On Wednesday, the company said the second half of the year would “continue to be complex and fluid.”

—Ben Foldy and Nina Trentmann contributed to this article.

Write to Mike Colias at [email protected]