TUESDAY, May 9, 2023 (HealthDay News) — Immediate treatment of gestational diabetes before 20 weeks of gestation leads to a slightly lower incidence of a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes but no significant difference in pregnancy-related hypertension or neonatal lean body mass, according to a study published online May 5 in the New England Journal of Medicine. The research was published to coincide with the 11th International DIP Symposium on Diabetes, Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome & Pregnancy: Innovative Approaches in Maternal Offspring Health, held from May 4 to 6 in Thessaloniki, Greece.
David Simmons, M.D., from Western Sydney University, and colleagues randomly assigned 802 women between 4 weeks and 19 weeks/6 days of gestation who had a risk factor for hyperglycemia and a diagnosis of gestational diabetes to receive immediate treatment or deferred or no treatment for gestational diabetes (406 and 396 women, respectively).
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The researchers found that an adverse neonatal outcome event occurred in 24.9 and 30.5 percent of women in the immediate-treatment and control groups, respectively (adjusted risk difference, −5.6 percentage points; 95 percent confidence interval, −10.1 to −1.2). Pregnancy-related hypertension occurred in 10.6 and 9.9 percent in the immediate-treatment and control groups, respectively (adjusted risk difference, 0.7 percentage points; 95 percent confidence interval, −1.6 to 2.9). The mean neonatal lean body mass was 2.86 g and 2.91 g in the immediate-treatment and control groups, respectively (adjusted mean difference, −0.04 g; 95 percent confidence interval, −0.09 to 0.02). With respect to serious adverse events associated with screening and treatment, no between-group differences were observed.
“Confirmatory trials and long-term follow-up studies of the offspring are warranted,” the authors write.
One author disclosed financial ties to the pharmaceutical industry.
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